Fundamentals of Modern Vehicle Transmissions e-Seminar
| Included
in this demo: Sample 1: Module I. Transmission Technology Development (Demo Run Time: 5 mins 3 secs) Sample 2: Module III. Transmission Technology Development (Demo Run Time: 5 mins 35 secs) Sample 3: Module VI. Holding Members and Hydraulic Control (Demo Run Time: 5 mins 36 secs) |
|
Table of Contents
Introduction
(Total Run Time: 2 mins 38 secs)
Module
I. Transmission Technology Development (Total Run Time: 1 hour 58 mins)
Module II:
Transmission Speed Ratios and Operation (Total Run Time: 49 mins)
Module III:
Manual Transmission Power Flow and Components (Total Run Time: 2 hrs, 25 mins)
Module IV:
Torque Converter (Total Run Time: 2 hrs, 23 mins)
Module V:
Automatic Transmission Power Flow and Components (Total Run Time: 1 hr, 3 mins)
Module VI.
Holding Members and Hydraulic Control (Total Run Time: 1 hr, 42 mins)
Module VII.
Continuously Variable Transmissions (Total Run Time: 45 mins)
Module
VIII. Continuously Variable Transmission Technology (Total Run Time: 1hr, 31mins)
Module IX
Technology Review (Total Run Time: 1hr, 8 mins)
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Introduction (Total Run Time: 2 mins 38 secs)
Fundamentals of Modern Vehicle
Transmissions
Seminar Objectives
Seminar Objectives [cont'd]
Seminar Outline Seminar Outline [cont'd]
Fundamentals of Modern Vehicle Transmissions [cont'd]
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Module I. Transmission Technology Development (Total Run Time: 1 hour 58 mins)
I. Transmission Technology
Development
Seminar Abstract
Seminar Abstract [cont'd]
Seminar Section Organization
Seminar Integrated Topics
General Discussion of Transmissions
Objectives of a Transmission
Driveline Components Diagram
Transmission Connectivity
Transmission Function
History of the World - Part I
Developmental History
Pull-Belt Transmission
Pull-Belt Transmission Diagram
Pull-Belt Transmission [cont'd]
Friction Drive
Friction Drive Diagram
Friction Drive [cont'd]
Stepped Friction Drive
Stepped Friction Drive Diaagram
Stepped Friction Drive [cont'd]
Sliding Gear Transmission
Sliding Gear Transmission Diagram
Sliding Gear Transmission [cont'd]
Sliding Gear Transmission Diagram [cont'd]
Sliding Gear Transmission [cont'd]
Syncromesh Transmission
Syncromesh Transmission Diagram
Syncromesh Transmission [cont'd]
Synchromesh Transmission Diagram [cont'd]
Main Components of a Transmission
Front Wheel Drive Line Components
Manual Transmission Diagram
Epicyclic Gear Design
Epicyclic Gear Design Diagram
Epicyclic Gear Design [cont'd]
Automatic Shifters
Automatic Shifters Diagram
Automatic Shifters [cont'd]
First Automatic Transmission
First Automatic Transmission Diagram
First Automatic Transmission [cont'd]
Hydraulic Coupling
Hydraulic Coupling Diagram
Hydraulic Coupling [cont'd]
Hydraulic Coupling Diagram [cont'd]
Hydraulic Coupling [cont'd]
Torque Converter
Torque Converter Diagram
Torque Converter [cont'd]
Automatic Transmission Diagram
Rear Wheel Drive Line Components
Rear Wheel Drive Layout Diagram
Drive Train Layouts
Rear Wheel Drive Layout Diagram [cont'd]
Drive Train Layouts [cont'd]
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Module II: Transmission Speed Ratios and Operation (Total Run Time: 49 mins)
II. Transmission Speed Ratios
and Operation
II. Transmission Speed Ratios and Operation [cont'd]
Driveline Analysis: Passenger Vehicle
Performance Requirements
Driveline Design Constraints
Engine Curves Graph
Fuel Efficiency Graph
Power Output Graph
Work Potential Graph
So What Speed Do We Design For?
So What Speed Do We Design For? And Over What Range?
Design Decisions
And Over What Range? For Efficiency
Design Decisions [cont'd]
And Over What Range? For Performance
Design Decisions [cont'd]
Vehicle Specifications
And Over What Range? For Performance [cont'd]
Vehicle Specifications [cont'd]
Distance Traveled & What Speed
Distance Traveled & What Speed [cont'd]
Distance Traveled & What Speed [cont'd]
Transmission Low Ratio/High Gear
Transmission Low Ratio/High Gear [cont'd]
But First: A Quick Word About 'Ratios'
Manual Transmission Components
Manual Transmission Components [cont'd]
Ratios
Or You Can Just Plain Get Crazy
Ratio Selection Criteria
Ratio Selection Criteria [cont'd]
Ratio Step Selection Process
Ratio Selection Graph
Ratio Step Selection Process [cont'd]
Ratio Selection Graph [cont'd]
Ratio Step Selection Process [cont'd]
Ratio Selection Graph [cont'd]
Step Selection Process [cont'd]
Ratio Selection Graph [cont'd]
Numeric Ratios Chart
Vehicle Speed vs. Engine Speed Graph
Engine Horsepower vs. Engine Speed Graph
Cumulative Engine Power vs. Time Graph
Ratio Step Selection Process [cont'd]
Ratio Selection Graph [cont'd]
Vehicle Speed vs. Engine Speed Graph [cont'd]
Engine Horsepower vs. Engine Speed Graph [cont'd]
Cumulative Engine Power vs. Time Graph [cont'd]
OK - So Now What?
This is the end of disc one
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Module III: Manual Transmission Power Flow and Components (Total Run Time: 2
hrs, 25 mins)
III. Manual Transmission
Power Flow and Components
Stepped Transmissions
Manual Transmission Components
Manual Transmission Components [cont'd]
Manual Transmission Components [cont'd]
Manual Transmission Components [cont'd]
Main Components of a Transmission
Main Components of a Manual Transmission Diagram
Main Components of a FWD Manual Transmission Diagram
Clutch
Clutch Terminology Diagram
Clutch [cont'd]
Clutch Disengaged Diagram
Clutch Engaged Diagram
Actuation Mechanism Diagram
Clutch [cont'd]
Coil Spring Type Diagram 1
Coil Spring Type Diagram 2
Coil Spring Type Diagram 1 [cont'd]
Title Diaphragm Spring Type Diagram 1
Title Diaphragm Spring Type Diagram 2
Clutch Fork Diagram 1
Clutch Fork Diagram 2
Clutch Disc or Friction Plate
Clutch Disc or Friction Plate Torsional Damper Diagram
Friction Interface Model General Solution Diagram
Friction Interface Solution
Clutch Disc Considerations Chart
Clutch Disc Considerations Chart [cont'd]
Manual Transmission Shafts
Manual Transmission Shafts Diagram
Transmission to Engine Alignment Mechanism Diagram
Shafts Supporting Gear Train Diagram
Title Gears
Types of Gears Used
Spur Gears Diagram
Spur Gear Nomenclature Diagram
Helical Gears Diagram
Helical Gear Nomenclature Chart
Helical Gear Thrust Diagram
Gear Design Flow Chart
General Design Procedure for Parrallel Axis Gears
Gear Selection Considerations
NVH
Durability
Power Density
Support
Lubrication
Lubricant Cooling
Power-Flow
Neutral Diagram
1st Gear Diagram
2nd Gear Diagram
3rd Gear/Direct Drive Diagram
Reverse Diagram
Shift Mechanisms Diagram
Shift Rails & Forks Diagram
Synchronizer Diagram 1
Synchronizer Diagram 2
Synchronizer Assembly Diagram
Blocking Ring & Gear Diagram
Inserts & Retainer Spring Diagram
Synchronization Problems
Synchronization Problems [cont'd]
Synchronization Problems [cont'd]
Synchronization Problems [cont'd]
Synchronization Problems [cont'd]
Synchronization Problems [cont'd]
Range Change Process Diagram
Range Selectors Column Shift Diagram
Range Selectors External Mounted Floor Shift Diagram
Range Selectors Internal Mounted Floor Shift Diagram
Range Selectors External Mounted Floor Shift Diagram [cont'd]
Range Selectors Internal Mounted Floor Shift Diagram [cont'd]
OK - So How Do We Improve
End of disc two
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Module IV: Torque Converter (Total Run Time: 2 hrs, 23 mins)
IV. Torque Converter
IV. Torque Converter [cont'd]
IV. Torque Converter [cont'd]
Automatic Transmission: Automating the Process
Transmission Component Comparison Chart
Additional Components of an Automatic Transmission
Ratio Selection Graph
Main Components of a RWD Automatic Transmission Diagram
Main Components of a FWD Automatic Transmission Diagram
Hydrodynamic Systems
Simple Hydrodynamic System Diagram
Hydrodynamic Systems [cont'd]
Torque Converter Basics
Fluid Coupling
Steel Doughnut to Torus Diagram
Fluid Coupling [cont'd]
Add Vanes Diagram
Fluid Coupling [cont'd]
Lay It On Its Side and Spin Diagram
Flow Paths
Face Off of the Fans Diagram
Vortex & Rotary Flow Paths
Efficiency Improvements
Addition of Split Ring Diagram
Efficiency Improvements [cont'd]
Stator Diagram
Efficiency Improvements [cont'd]
Torque Converter Layout Diagram
Torque Converter Component Terms
Exploded View Diagram
Bounce-Back Effect
Torque Converter Terms of Operation
Multi-Element
Torque Converter Terms of Operation [cont'd]
Multi-Phase
Torque Converter Terms of Operation [cont'd]
Stall Speed
Designing Stall Speed
One-Way Clutch
Component Terms Diagram
Overrunning / One-Way Clutch Under Stator Diagram
Over-Running Clutches
One-Way Clutch Types
One-Way Clutch Freewheel Diagram
One-Way Clutch Locked Diagram
One-Way Clutch Force Diagram
Sprag Clutches Freewheel & Locked Diagram
Sprag Clutch Force Diagram
Indexing One-Way Clutch
Indexing
Typical Pocket Plant and Strut Photo
Typical Notch Plate Photo
Failure Mechanisms
Torque Converter Lockup
Torque Converter Lockup Clutch Diagram
Torque Converter Locked Diagram
Torque Converter Unlocked Diagram
Torque Converter Matching
Design Process
Torque Converter Selection
Converter Wheel Curves
Converter Wheel Curves Graph
Torque Converter Performance Predictions
Converter Stall Torque Ratio Graph
Torque Converter Performance Predictions [cont'd]
Converter Stall Torque Ratio Graph [cont'd]
Torque Converter Performance Predictions [cont'd]
Torque Converter Performance Predictions [cont'd]
Torque Converter Performance Predictions [cont'd]
Converter Match
Converter 'Out' Match
Converter 'Out' Match Graph
Converter 'Full' Match Graph
Converter 'Lug' Match Graph
Converter 'Out' Match Graph [cont'd]
Converter 'Full' Match Graph [cont'd]
Converter 'Lug' Match Graph [cont'd]
Transmission & Torque Converter Charge Pump
Charge Pump Location Diagram
Transmission & Torque Converter Charge Pump [cont'd]
Transmission Oil Pump Diagram
Gear Pump
Gear Pump Diagram
Gear Pump [cont'd]
Internal Gear or Crescent Pump
Internal Gear or Crescent Pump Diagram 1
Internal Gear or Crescent Pump Diagram 2
Internal Gear or Crescent Pump [cont'd]
Rotor Pump
Rotor Pump Diagram 1
Rotor Pump Diagram 2
Rotor Pump [cont'd]
Sliding Vane Pump
Sliding Vane Pump Diagram
Sliding Vane Pump [cont'd]
Variable Displacement Vane Pump
Variable Displacement Vane Pump Diagram
Variable Displacement Vane Pump [cont'd]
Variable Displacement Vane Pump Diagram [cont'd]
Transmission Shafts
Transmission Shafts Diagram
Transmission Shafts [cont'd]
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Module V: Automatic Transmission Power Flow and Components (Total Run Time:
1 hr, 3 mins)
V. Automatic Transmission
Power Flow and Components
V. Automatic Transmission Power Flow and Components [cont'd]
Types of Gears Used
Epicyclic Gear Systems
Planetaries Diagram
Epicyclic Gear Systems [cont'd]
Two Common Compound Epicyclical Gear Systems
Internal & External Gears Diagram
Internal Gear Nomenclature Diagram
Epicyclical Trains
Simple Epicyclical Trains Diagram
Epicyclic Geartrain Planetary Configuration Diagram
Planetary Configuration Animation
Epicyclic Geartrain Star Configuration Diagram
Star Configuration Animation
Epicyclic Geartrain Solar Configuration Diagram
Solar Configuration Animation
Simple Epicyclical Train Ratio Ranges
Simple Epicyclical Train Ratio Equations
Simple Epicyclical Train Build Requirements
Compound Planetary Gear Diagram
Compound Star Gear Diagram
Compound Epicyclical Train Ratio Ranges
Compound Epicyclical Train Ratio Equations
Compound Epicyclical Train Build Requirements
Epicyclical Design Considerations
Two Common Compound Epicyclical
Ravigneaux Compound Epicyclical Diagram 1
Ravigneaux Compound Epicyclical Diagram 2
Simpson Gear Train
Simpson Compound Epicyclical Diagram
Drive Shell Diagram
Component Layout Diagram
Component Layout Front Clutch Diagram
Component Layout Front Clutch Connectivity Diagram
Component Layout Rear Clutch Diagram
Component Layout Rear Clutch Connectivity Diagram
Component Layout Front Band Diagram
Component Layout Front Band Connectivity Diagram
Component Layout Rear Band Diagram
Component Layout Rear Band Connectivity Diagram
Component Layout Overrunning Clutch Diagram
Component Layout Overrunning Clutch Connectivity Diagram
First Gear Power Flow Diagram
Second Gear Power Flow Diagram
Third Gear Power Flow Diagram
Direct Drive Power Flow Diagram
Over-Drive Power Flow Diagram
Third Gear Power Flow Diagram [cont'd]
Over-Drive Power Flow Diagram [cont'd]
Reverse Gear Power Flow Diagram
Third Gear Power Flow Diagram [cont'd]
Band and Clutch Actuation Chart
Reverse Gear Power Flow Diagram [cont'd]
Band and Clutch Actuation Chart [cont'd]
Lock-Up Clutch Engaged Diagram
Typical Thrust Washer Usage Diagram
This is the end of disc three
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Module VI. Holding Members and Hydraulic Control (Total Run Time: 1 hr, 42 mins)
VI. Holding Members and
Hydraulic Control
VI. Holding Members and Hydraulic Control [cont'd]
Mechanical / Hydraulic: Control and Components
Planetary Holding Members
Planetary Holding Members Diagram
Multiple Disc Clutch Packs
Automatic Transmission Clutches
Multiple Disc Front Clutch Pack Diagram
Multiple Disc Rear Clutch Pack Diagram
Clutch Construction
Clutch Component Layout Diagram
Clutch Operation
Check Ball Operation Diagram 1
Check Ball Operation Diagram 2
Simple Clutch Calculation
Disk Clutch Mechanical Considerations
Clutch Operation 2 Step Piston Diagram
Small Cavity Fill Image
Fast Travel Image
High Axial Force Mode Image
Disk Clutch Thermal Considerations
Automatic Transmission Bands
Transmission Band Diagram 1
Transmission Band Diagram 2
Let's Float On Over To Hydraulics
Hydrodynamic vs. Pneumatic or Mechanical
Hydraulics
Hydraulics [cont'd]
Hydraulic Circuit Components
Hydraulic Circuit Components [cont'd]
Simple Two Member Circuit
Pressure Regulator Valve In Place Image
Pressure Regulator Valve
Pressure Relief Valve Diagram
A Quick Word On Spool Valves
Spool Valve Spool Diagram
Spool Valves
Pressure Regulator Valve Cross-Section Diagram
Pressure Regulator Valve At Full Flow and Pressure Diagram
Pressure Regulator Valve At Controlled Flow and Pressure Diagram
Pressure Regulator Diagram
Typical Solenoid Valve Diagram
Electronic Solenoid -- Open Diagram
Electronic Solenoid -- Closed Diagram
Pulse Width Modulated Solenoid Valve Diagram
Pulse Width Duty Cycle Diagram
Manual Shift Valve In Circuit Diagram
Manual Shift Valve In Place Diagram
Spool Valve Actuation
Spool Valve Actuation Diagram
Actuator - Operation Diagram 1
Actuator - Operation Diagram 2
Actuator - Operation Diagram 3
Valve Body Components
Valve Body Components Diagram
Hydraulic Path Schematic Diagram
Shift Valve In Circuit Diagram
Shift Valve In Place Diagram
Throttle Valve In Circuit Diagram
Throttle Valve In Place Diagram
Throttle Valve Connection Diagram
Vacuum Modulator In Circuit Diagram
Vacuum Modulator Clip-On Type Diagram
Vacuum Modulator Screw-In Type Diagram
Governor In Circuit Diagram
Transmission Governor Diagram
Governor Valve Diagram
Sequence of Events Hydraulic Circuit Operation
Operator Shifts Into Drive Diagram
Vacuum Modulator Release
Shift Valve Release Diagram
Band Servo Applied Low Gear Energized Diagram
Energized Transmission Band Diagram
Low to High Range Shift
Low to High Range Shift [cont'd]
Low to High Range Shift Diagram
Shift Valve Sequence Diagram
Vacuum Modulator Closes Throttle Valve Diagram
Governor Valve Opens Diagram
Electronic Control Valve Body Diagram
Control Sensors Diagram
Speed Sensor Diagram
One-Way Clutches
One-Way Clutch Use
One-Way Clutch Locations Diagram
Function of One-Way Clutches
What is Shift Calibration
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Module VII. Continuously Variable Transmissions (Total Run Time: 45 mins)
VII. Continuously Variable
Transmissions
VII. Continuously Variable Transmissions [cont'd]
How to Design a Transmission
Step-Less Transmissions
Continuously Variable Transmission: Concept of 'Step-Less' Shifting
CVT's
Continuously Variable Transmission Diagram
Continuously Variable Transmission
Why Use A CVT?
Why Use A CVT? [cont'd]
Ratio Selection Graph
Vehicle Speed vs. Engine Speed Graph
Engine Horsepower vs. Engine Speed Graph
Cumulative Engine Power vs. Time Graph 1
Cumulative Engine Power vs. Time Graph 2
Driving Force
Technology Shift
But First: A Little History
But First: A Little History [cont'd]
Technology Review Two Disc Friction Drive
Friction Drive Two Discs Image
Technology Review Two Disc Friction Drive [cont'd]
Technology Review Two Disc Friction Drive [cont'd]
Technology Review Two Disc Friction Drive Power Loss
Technology Review Two Disc Friction Drive Power Loss [cont'd]
Technology Review Cone and Wheel
Technology Review Disc and Cone Image
Technology Review Cone and Wheel [cont'd]
Technology Review Cone to Wheel to Cone
Technology Review Cone to Wheel to Cone Image
Technology Review Cone to Wheel to Cone [cont'd]
Friction Drive Toroidal
Friction Drive Toroidal Image
Friction Drive Toroidal [cont'd]
Friction Drive Toroidal [cont'd]
Friction Drive Variable Diameter Pulleys
Friction Drive Diameter Pulleys Image
Friction Drive Variable Diameter Pulleys [cont'd]
Friction Drive Variable Diameter Pulleys Image [cont'd]
Friction Drive Variable Diameter Pulleys [cont'd]
Friction Drive Variable Diameter Pulleys Image
This is the end of disc four
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Module VIII. Continuously Variable Transmission Technology (Total Run Time:
1hr, 31mins)
VIII. Continuously Variable Transmission Technology
VIII. Continuously Variable Transmission Technology [cont'd]
CVT Schematic Layout Image
Friction Drive Variable Diameter Pulleys Ti
CVT Cross Section Image
Friction Drive Variable Diameter Pulleys [cont'd]
Theory of Operation
Belt Drive System Image 1
Technology Shift
Belt Drive System Image 2
Theory of Operation [cont'd]
Functional Theory
Ratio Range
Functional Theory [cont'd]
Functional Enhancements
Operational Principles Tim
High Ratio / Low Gear Diagram
Operational Principles [cont'd]
Mid-Ratio / Intermediate Gear Diagram
Operational Principles [cont'd]
Low Ratio / High Gear Diagram
Theory of Operation [cont'd]
Theory of Operation Diagram 1
Theory of Operation [cont'd]
Theory of Operation Diagram 2
Theory of Operation [cont'd]
Theory of Operation Diagram 3
Theory of Operation [cont'd]
Problems?
Operational Principles [cont'd]
Continuously Variable Transmission: Components
Flexible Metal Belt
Flexible Metal Belt Technology Image
Flexible Metal Belt [cont'd]
Push Belt
Belt / Variator / Pulley System
Variators Image 1
Belt / Variator / Pulley System [cont'd]
Variators Image 2
Belt / Variator / Pulley System [cont'd]
Belt / Variator / Pulley System [cont'd]
Belt / Variator / Pulley System Image
Pulley Surface Image
Primary Variator Image
Primary Variator Diagram
Primary Variator Image [cont'd]
Secondary Variator Diagram
Secondary Variator Image 1
Secondary Variator Image 2
Directional Epicyclic Diagram
Directional Control
Directional Epicyclic Diagram [cont'd]
Directional Selection
Directional Selection Clutch Pack Diagram
Directional Selection Clutch Pack Image
Differential Image
Selector Shift Valve Image
Mechatronic Control Unit
Mechatronic Control Unit Image
Mechatronic Control Unit [cont'd]
Mechatronic Control Unit Research
Torque Converter Use
Gearbox Housing Image 1
Gearbox Housing Image 2
Gearbox Housing
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Module IX Technology Review (Total Run Time: 1hr, 8 mins)
IX. Technology Review
IX. Technology Review [cont'd]
Performance Comparison
Design Comparison
Design Comparison [cont'd]
Design Comparison [cont'd]
Design Comparison [cont'd]
Torque / Power Diagram
Design Comparison [cont'd]
Torque / Power Diagram [cont'd]
Design Comparison [cont'd]
Design Comparison [cont'd]
Acceleration Times Chart
Design Comparison [cont'd]
Design Comparison [cont'd]
Acceleration Times Chart [cont'd]
Design Comparison [cont'd]
Development Limitations
Development Limitations [cont'd]
Development Limitations [cont'd]
Development Limitations [cont'd]
Other CVT Technologies
Future Prospects for CVT Technology
CVT Technology and Hybrid Electric Vehicles
CVT Technology and Hybrid Electric Vehicles [cont'd]
Technology Direction
Honda Multimatic
Honda Multimatic CVT Diagram
Honda Multimatic [cont'd]
Honda Multimatic [cont'd]
Honda Hybrid Civic
Honda Hybrid Civic [cont'd]
ACVT
ACVT or Anderson CVT Image
ACVT Diagram
ACVT Diagram [cont'd]
ACVT [cont'd]
ACVT Overcomes Problems
AUDI Multitronic
AUDI Multitronic Image
AUDI Multitronic [cont'd]
Honda Rubicon
Honda Rubicon Image 1
Honda Rubicon Image 2
Honda Rubicon [cont'd]
Honda Rubicon Image 3
Honda Rubicon [cont'd]
Hondamatic Gearless CVT Image 1
Hondamatic Gearless CVT Image 2
Hondamatic Gearless CVT
Honda Gearless CVT Image 3
Toroidal
Toroidal [cont'd]
Toroidal [cont'd]
NASA Epicyclic CVT
NASA Epicyclic CVT Diagram
NASA Epicyclic CVT [cont'd]
NASA Epicyclic CVT [cont'd]
NASA Epicyclic CVT [cont'd]
Toyota Prius
Automatic Transmission
Efficiencies
Other Manufacturers
Traction Drives
Efficiencies [cont'd]
Efficiencies [cont'd]
Combination of Current Technologies
Automated Manuals
Why Use an Automated Manual?
Dual-Clutch Schematic Diagram
Dual-Clutch Schematic Configuration Diagram
FWD: Actual VW Hardware Diagram
VW Production Unit Image
This concludes the Fundamentals of Modern Vehicle Transmissions e-Seminar
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Copyright © SAE 2004. All Rights
Reserved.
